054 穆罕默德·阿里

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In 1996 at the start of the twenty-sixth Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, this great American hero lit the Olympic flame

1996年，在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的第二十六届奥运会开幕之际，这位伟大的美国英雄点燃了奥运圣火。

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Who is this man? Why is he a great American hero?

这个人是谁？他为什么是伟大的美国英雄？

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These are difficult questions. To answer them we must go back over fifty years

这些问题很难回答。要回答它们，我们必须回溯五十多年前。

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In 1942, when our hero was born, he was given the name Cassius Clay

1942年，我们的英雄出生时，被取名卡修斯·克莱。

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He was born into a poor, working-class, black family in Louisville, Kentucky

他出生在肯塔基州路易斯维尔一个贫穷的黑人工人阶级家庭。

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When Cassius was a teenager, life for black families was very hard

卡修斯十几岁时，黑人家庭的生活非常艰难。

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While white Americans were becoming rich, building nice houses, and going to good schools, black Americans were still very poor

当美国白人日渐富裕，住着漂亮的房子，上着好学校时，美国黑人却依然贫困。

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Cassius Clay never liked his name because it was a white man's name

卡修斯·克莱从来不喜欢自己的名字，因为那是一个白人的名字。

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It was not a name that came from his ancestors, but rather it was the name of the slave owner who had owned his family years before

这名字并非源自他的祖先，而是多年前拥有他家族的那位奴隶主的名字。

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As a child, Cassius Clay was furious with how white Americans treated black Americans

小时候，卡修斯·克莱对美国白人对待美国黑人的方式感到愤怒。

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When Cassius was 12, he started to box under the instructions of a policeman named Joe Martin

卡修斯12岁时，开始在一名叫做乔·马丁的警察指导下练习拳击。

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Martin and others immediately saw that Cassius was a great boxer

马丁和其他人立刻看出卡修斯是个了不起的拳击手。

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By the time he was 17, he had won a very important championship for young boxers: the Golden Gloves Championship

到他17岁时，他已赢得一项非常重要的青年拳击锦标赛：金手套锦标赛。

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Then in 1960, at the age of 18, Cassius went to the Olympics in Rome and won a gold medal

然后在1960年，18岁的卡修斯参加了罗马奥运会，并赢得一枚金牌。

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He was on his way to becoming one of the greatest boxers in history

他正向着成为历史上最伟大的拳击手之一迈进。

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After Cassius won a gold medal at the Olympics, he became a professional boxer

卡修斯在奥运会赢得金牌后，成为了一名职业拳击手。

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His goal was to become the Heavyweight Champion of the World

他的目标是成为世界重量级拳王。

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This is the highest title that a boxer can receive

这是拳击手能获得的最高头衔。

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Cassius quickly became very famous. This was because he was not only a great boxer, but a good showman as well

卡修斯很快变得非常有名。这是因为他不仅是个伟大的拳击手，还是个出色的表演者。

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He would make up sayings about himself and other boxers

他会编一些关于自己和其他拳击手的顺口溜。

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His most famous line was: " I float like a butterfly and sting like a bee."

他最著名的一句话是：“我像蝴蝶一样飘舞，像蜜蜂一样蜇人。”

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Cassius always said that he was the greatest boxer ever

卡修斯总说他是历史上最伟大的拳击手。

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This made some people angry because he was so young and he had not yet fought the greatest boxers of the time

这让一些人生气，因为他太年轻了，还没有和当时最伟大的拳击手们交过手。

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But Cassius was a great boxer, and he had a new style of boxing

但卡修斯确实是个伟大的拳击手，他有一种新的拳击风格。

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On February 25, 1964, he fought Sonny Liston, the greatest boxer at that time, for the title of Heavyweight Champion of the World

1964年2月25日，他与当时最伟大的拳击手索尼·利斯顿争夺世界重量级冠军头衔。

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Of course everyone thought that Liston would easily win

当然，每个人都认为利斯顿会轻松获胜。

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Cassius was called the underdog. That means everyone thought he was going to lose

卡修斯被称为弱势一方，就是大家都觉得他会输的意思。

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It was a very good fight. Both men fought hard for a long time

这是一场非常精彩的比赛。两人激烈搏斗了很长时间。

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Suddenly, to everyone's surprise, Cassius knocked out Liston and won the match, becoming the Heavyweight Champion of the World!

突然，出乎所有人的意料，卡修斯击倒了利斯顿，赢得比赛，成为了世界重量级冠军！

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Two days later Cassius joined the Nation of Islam

两天后，卡修斯加入了伊斯兰民族。

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This is a group of black people who are committed to Allah and who take care of their bodies by not smoking, drinking, or acting immorally

这是一群信奉真主的黑人，他们不吸烟、不饮酒、不行为不端，以此爱护自己的身体。

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They also fight for a better life for black people in America

他们也为美国的黑人争取更美好的生活。

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At this time Cassius Clay gave up the slave name that he hated so much and chose a name based on his new religion

此时，卡修斯·克莱放弃了他深恶痛绝的那个奴隶名字，依据他的新信仰选了一个名字。

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Since then he has been called Muhammad Ali

从那时起，他就被称为穆罕默德·阿里。

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Muhammad Ali reached his goal and became the greatest boxer in the world

穆罕默德·阿里实现了目标，成为了世界上最伟大的拳击手。

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Over the next three years, he fought in many matches and won every one of them

在接下来的三年里，他参加了许多场比赛，并且全都获胜。

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He was truly the greatest fighter ever

他确实是前所未有的最伟大拳手。

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Then something very terrible happened to Muhammad Ali

后来，穆罕默德·阿里遇到了一件非常可怕的事。

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On April 28, 1967, Muhammad Ali was drafted into the United States Army to fight in the war in Vietnam

1967年4月28日，穆罕默德·阿里被征召入美国陆军，要去越南参战。

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However, he did not want to go to Vietnam because his religion taught him this war was not just

然而，他不想去越南，因为他的宗教告诉他，这场战争并非正义之举。

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Ali did not want to kill people who were not his enemies

阿里不想去杀那些不是他敌人的人。

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Because he refused to join the army, his title of Heavyweight Champion was taken away from him

因为他拒绝参军，他的重量级拳王头衔被剥夺了，

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and he was not allowed to box anywhere in the United States

而且他被禁止在美国任何地方打拳击。

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Then on June 20, 1967, a formal trial was held by the government, and Ali was convicted of refusing to join the army

随后在1967年6月20日，政府举行了一场正式审判，阿里被判拒绝参军罪成立。

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He was sentenced to five years in prison

他被判处五年监禁。

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During the late 1960s, Ali was very active in the Civil Rights Movement

在20世纪60年代后期，阿里在民权运动中非常活跃。

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He encouraged black people to stand up against white people

他鼓励黑人站起来反抗白人。

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Finally in 1970 Ali was allowed to continue his boxing career

终于在1970年，阿里被允许继续他的拳击生涯。

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Over the next ten years, Muhammad Ali proved that he truly was the greatest boxer in the world

在接下来的十年里，穆罕默德·阿里证明了他确实是世界上最伟大的拳击手。

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As Ali got older, he strengthened his religious beliefs

随着年龄增长，阿里加深了自己的宗教信仰。

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He no longer hates white people like he did when he was young

他不再像年轻时那样憎恨白人。

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He believes that all people must work together to create a better world and prepare themselves for heaven

他相信，所有的人都必须共同努力，去创造一个更美好的世界，并为进入天堂做好准备。

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Because Ali was a great boxer, he earned a lot of money

因为阿里是一位伟大的拳击手，他赚了很多钱。

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However, he has shared his money with the poor

然而，他把自己的钱分享给了穷人。

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He gave money to build schools, hospitals, and Islamic religious centers

他捐钱修建学校、医院和伊斯兰宗教中心。

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In 1981, after 22 years of boxing, Ali retired with one of the best records of all time

1981年，在从事拳击运动22年后，阿里带着有史以来最好的战绩之一退役了。

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In his career he competed in 61 fights. He won 56 of them and only lost 5

在他的职业生涯中，他共参加了61场比赛。他赢了56场，只输了5场。

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A year after he retired, doctors discovered that Ali had an illness called Parkinson's disease

退役一年后，医生发现阿里患上了一种叫做帕金森病的疾病。

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Because of this disease, Ali is not able to speak well, and he moves very slowly

由于这种疾病，阿里无法很好地说话，行动也变得非常缓慢。

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However, his disease has not affected his mind. He still thinks very clearly

然而，疾病并未影响他的头脑。他思考仍然非常清晰。

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To honor Muhammad Ali for his great contributions to sports and society

为了表彰穆罕默德·阿里对体育和社会的巨大贡献，

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he was chosen to light the Olympic flame at the start of the twenty-sixth Olympic games in Atlanta, Georgia

他被选中在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的第26届奥运会开幕式上点燃奥运圣火。

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And now you know why Muhammad Ali is a great American hero

现在你知道为什么穆罕默德·阿里是一位伟大的美国英雄了。