027 雷诺阿：美的大师

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It was the beauty of the world that inspired Pierre-Auguste Renoir

正是世界之美，启发了皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。

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He loved to paint families strolling in the park, young couples dancing at a ball, and children playing in the sun

他爱描绘在公园里漫步的家庭、在舞会上起舞的年轻情侣，以及在阳光下玩耍的孩子们。

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He began as a humble painter decorating porcelain vases

他最初只是一名装饰瓷花瓶的卑微画工，

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and eventually he became one of the world's most significant painters and the father of Impressionism

最终却成为了世界最重要的画家之一，也是印象派之父。

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Renoir was born in 1841 in Limoges, a small French town

雷诺阿于1841年出生在法国小镇利摩日。

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His father was a tailor and his mother a dressmaker

他的父亲是裁缝，母亲是女装裁缝。

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When Renoir was four years old, his family moved to Paris in search of a better life

雷诺阿四岁时，全家为了寻求更好的生活搬到了巴黎。

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The family lived very close to the Louvre, a large museum with the richest collection of art in France

他们一家住在离卢浮宫很近的地方，那是座收藏了法国最丰富艺术品的宏大博物馆。

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The young Renoir spent long days there, looking at the old masters' paintings, deeply inspired by their beauty

年少的雷诺阿在那里度过漫长的时光，欣赏着古典大师的画作，深深被它们的美所打动。

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His favorite artist was Peter Paul Rubens, whose art continued to influence him throughout his life

他最喜欢的艺术家是彼得·保罗·鲁本斯，他的艺术对雷诺阿的一生产生了持续的影响。

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As a young schoolboy, Renoir covered his schoolbooks with drawings

还是个小学生时，雷诺阿就在课本上画满了画。

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His parents urged him to put his artistic talents to use and helped him get a job at a porcelain factory

他的父母敦促他发挥艺术天赋，并帮他在一家瓷器厂找到了一份工作。

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There Renoir learned to paint delicate flower patterns on porcelain vases

在那里，雷诺阿学会了在瓷花瓶上绘制精美的花卉图案。

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He was a fast learner and soon became a very successful painter

他学得很快，不久就成为了一名非常成功的画工。

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His career came to an end, however, when a new mechanical process for printing designs onto chinaware was introduced

然而，当一种在瓷器上印刷图案的新机械工艺出现时，他的职业生涯走到了尽头。

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To earn a living, he copied onto women's fans the paintings he had seen at the Louvre as a child

为了谋生，他把儿时在卢浮宫看过的画临摹到女士扇子上。

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Then he sold the fans on the street

然后他在街头售卖这些扇子。

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But he knew that he wanted to do more with his life he dreamed of becoming an artist and creating paintings just like the ones he was copying

但他知道自己想在生活中成就更多，他梦想成为一名艺术家，创作出和他正在临摹的那些画作一样的作品。

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In 1861 Renoir was penniless but determined to become an artist

1861年，雷诺阿身无分文，但决心要成为一名艺术家。

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He enrolled in an art class in the studio of Charles Gleyre, where he met other struggling artists who would become his lifelong friends

他报名参加了查尔斯·格莱尔画室的一个艺术班，在那里他遇到了其他同样在奋斗的艺术家，这些人后来成了他终生的朋友。

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Together with Claude Monet, Alfred Sisley, and Camille Pissaro he would paint all day

他会和克劳德·莫奈、阿尔弗雷德·西斯莱以及卡米耶·毕沙罗一起画一整天画，

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and then in the evenings, they would gather at cafes to discuss art

然后到了晚上，他们就聚在咖啡馆里讨论艺术。

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One of their favorite gathering places was the Inn of Mother Anthony, which Renoir immortalized in one of his paintings

他们最喜欢的聚会地点之一是安东尼妈妈的客栈，雷诺阿在他的一幅画作中让这个场景成为了永恒。

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The young artists were searching for new ways of painting and soon became known as the Impressionists

这些年轻的艺术家们正在寻找新的绘画方法，很快他们便被称为印象派画家。

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The Impressionists believed in a new way of seeing

印象派画家信奉一种全新的观察方式。

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They used many brushstrokes of different colors right next to each other on the canvas

他们在画布上紧挨着使用许多不同颜色的笔触。

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By this method, they captured a feeling of movement and light in their paintings

通过这种方法，他们在画作中捕捉到了一种动态和光线的感觉。

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Instead of smoothing the surface of the painting like artists before them, the Impressionists would leave traces of their brushstrokes visible

印象派画家不会像他们之前的艺术家那样将画面表面处理得平滑，而是让他们的笔触痕迹清晰可见。

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They also went outside to paint, instead of staying in their studios

他们还走到户外去作画，而不是待在画室里。

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The Impressionists packed their paintbrushes, paints, and easels and set out into nature, searching for inspiring landscapes

印象派画家们收拾好画笔、颜料和画架，走进自然，去寻找能激发灵感的风景。

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This period of his studies was a difficult one for Renoir

这段学画时期对雷诺阿来说十分艰难。

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With almost no money, he often thought about giving up, but his passion for painting kept him going

他几乎身无分文，常常想要放弃，但对绘画的热爱支撑着他坚持下去。

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He kept thinking of the artists from the Louvre who he admired as a young child

他不断想起小时候在卢浮宫仰慕的那些艺术家。

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His artist friends always gave him a helping hand

他的艺术家朋友们总是向他伸出援手。

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His friend Bazille offered to share his studio, and his friend Monet often gave him encouraging advice

朋友巴齐耶提出与他共用画室，朋友莫奈也常给他鼓励的建议。

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By 1863 Renoir was still trying to find his own painting style

到了1863年，雷诺阿仍在努力寻找自己的绘画风格。

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He was using dark and gloomy tones that never seemed right to him

他用着暗沉阴郁的色调，却总觉得不太对劲。

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One day he was out painting in a park when an old man came to see his work

一天，他在公园里写生时，有位老人过来看他的画。

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He said to Renoir," Your painting is good but why do you use such dark colors?

他对雷诺阿说：“你画得不错，可为什么用这么暗的颜色呢？

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Don't you see the beauty around you?"

你难道看不见身边的美吗？”

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Renoir realized that he could paint the world as he wished to see it

雷诺阿意识到，他可以按照自己希望看到的样子去描绘世界。

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He began using fresh and light colors

他开始使用清新、明亮的色彩。

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The old man turned out to be an established painter from Paris named Narcisse Diaz

那位老人原来是巴黎一位知名画家，名叫纳西斯·迪亚兹。

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He helped Renoir by buying him painting supplies and introducing him to art dealers

他资助雷诺阿购买画具，还把他介绍给画商。

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Renoir was able to get a few commissions to paint portraits, and this eased his financial worries

雷诺阿得以接到几幅肖像画委托，经济上的忧虑因此缓解。

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One of Renoir's favorite subjects was the life of Parisians

雷诺阿最钟爱的主题之一，便是巴黎人的生活。

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He loved to paint them dancing, walking in the park, enjoying a meal, or sitting at the opera

他喜欢画他们跳舞、在公园散步、享用美食，或是坐在歌剧院里。

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He wanted to express the joy he saw in everyday life

他想表达自己在日常生活中所见到的快乐。

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Renoir also loved to paint people socializing

雷诺阿也喜欢画人们社交的场景。

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His studio was very close to a popular dance hall in Paris, where he spent almost one year sketching and painting scenes of dancing couples

他的画室离巴黎一处热门舞厅很近，他在那里花了近一年时间，写生并描绘双双起舞的人们。

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He was fascinated with the graceful movements of women when they danced

他为女士们起舞时优雅的动作深深着迷。

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By the time Renoir reached his forties, he was a well-established painter in Paris

到四十多岁时，雷诺阿已是巴黎一位颇有名望的画家。

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He lived well off his portrait commissions, often painting aristocrats, art dealers, and rich patrons

他靠肖像委托过上了宽裕的生活，常为贵族、画商和富有的赞助人作画。

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In 1883 he had his first solo exhibition in Paris

1883年，他在巴黎举办了首次个展。

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Even though he was becoming successful, he never stopped developing his own artistic style

尽管日益成功，他从未停止发展自己的艺术风格。

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He traveled to Algeria in search of new and interesting subjects and painted the exotic landscapes he found there

他远赴阿尔及利亚寻找新鲜有趣的题材，描绘了那里充满异域风情的景色。

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At the end of his career, Renoir returned to working in a classical style, similar to the paintings he copied from the Louvre in his youth

在艺术生涯末期，雷诺阿回归古典风格，类似他年轻时在卢浮宫临摹的那些画作。

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Even though Renoir was crippled by arthritis and almost blind, he kept painting until his death in 1919

尽管关节炎让他行动不便，视力也几近丧失，雷诺阿仍坚持作画，直到1919年去世。

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Through his art he created his own world full of light, happiness, and promise

通过艺术，他创造了一个充满光明、幸福与希望的世界。

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His paintings continue to bring joy and optimism to millions of people today

他的画作至今仍为数百万人带来欢乐与乐观的力量。