015 中世纪城堡：传奇之地

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Miles and his little brother Adrian stood on the deck of a tour boat

迈尔斯和他的弟弟阿德里安站在一艘观光船的甲板上。

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" Look! Do you see that castle?" called out Adrian

“看！你看到那座城堡了吗？”阿德里安喊道。

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" Of course! We are in the land of castles!" said Miles

“当然！我们可是在城堡的国度！”迈尔斯说。

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The two boys were taking a tour with their parents down the Rhine River in Germany

这两个男孩正和父母一起在德国的莱茵河上乘船游览。

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The Rhine River is famous for all the ancient castles along its shores

莱茵河以其沿岸众多的古老城堡而闻名。

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Until that day, the only castle the boys had ever seen was at Disneyland

在那天之前，这两个男孩见过的唯一城堡是在迪士尼乐园。

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But the Disneyland castle was only a copy of a real castle

但迪士尼乐园的城堡只是真实城堡的仿制品。

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The boys were looking forward to seeing a castle up close — a real one, where people used to live, fight battles, and have adventures

男孩们期待着近距离观看一座城堡——一座真正的城堡，人们曾在那里生活、战斗和冒险。

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Thousands of castles were built during the Middle Ages

中世纪时期建造了成千上万座城堡。

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In those days most people lived all their lives in the same place where they were born

在那个年代，大多数人一生都住在他们出生的地方。

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They lived a simple life and worked in the fields; they were called peasants

他们过着简朴的生活，在田里劳作；他们被称为农民。

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The people who owned the land were called lords, and they lived in castles

拥有土地的人被称为领主，他们住在城堡里。

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Many of the lords were at war with each other over land and money, and were often fighting

许多领主之间为了土地和金钱而交战，经常打仗。

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In order to protect themselves and their families, they built castles with thick stone walls, high on hills and mountaintops

为了保护自己和家人，他们在山顶和高地上建造了厚石墙的城堡。

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Some castles were big and luxurious; others were smaller and simpler

有些城堡宏伟奢华；有些则较小，较为简朴。

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Many different people lived in the castle with the lord and his family

许多不同的人与领主及其家人一起住在城堡里。

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Each of these people had a specific job

这些人各有特定的工作。

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There were cooks, servants, dressmakers, blacksmiths, and musicians

有厨师、仆人、裁缝、铁匠和乐师。

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Most lords also had a personal army of soldiers living with them who were always ready to fight

大多数领主还有一支私人军队与他们同住，随时准备战斗。

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They were called knights. Knights fought with swords and long spears

他们被称为骑士。骑士用剑和长矛作战。

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They wore heavy suits of metal armor and rode large, powerful horses into battle

他们身穿沉重的金属盔甲，骑着高大强壮的战马奔赴战场。

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As the tour boat got closer to the castle, the guide on the boat explained that this was the Marksburg Castle, near the town of Braubach

游船靠近城堡时，船上的导游介绍说，这是布劳巴赫镇附近的马克斯堡。

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It was built in the twelfth century and has never been destroyed

它建于十二世纪，从未被毁坏过。

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" Let's go see," said Miles

“我们去看看吧。”迈尔斯说。

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The boat docked near the path that led to the castle

船停靠在通往城堡的小路附近。

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After the boys walked up the hill, they faced a huge gate in a high stone wall

男孩们走上山后，看到一道高高的石墙上有一扇巨大的门。

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Most castles were built the same way; the gate in the outer wall was always strongly defended

大多数城堡都采用同样的建造方式；外墙的大门总是防守严密。

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Many castles were also surrounded by a ditch full of water called a moat

许多城堡四周还环绕着一条注满水的沟渠，叫做护城河。

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A small drawbridge that led to the gate was the only way across the water

一座通向大门的小吊桥是过河的必经之路。

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Whenever an enemy approached, the drawbridge could be raised from safe inside the castle walls

每当敌人逼近时，吊桥就可以在城堡墙内的安全处收起。

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The boys noticed that the castle walls were several feet thick

男孩们注意到城堡的墙有好几英尺厚。

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The thick walls protected the castle from cannon attacks

厚实的墙壁能保护城堡免受炮火攻击。

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Also, soldiers could stand on top of these walls and attack the enemy below with arrows, stones, and other weapons

士兵们还可以站在墙顶上，用箭、石头和其他武器攻击下方的敌人。

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Almost all castles had tall watchtowers from where knights would look out for approaching invaders

几乎所有的城堡都有高高的瞭望塔，骑士们会在那里观察是否有敌人靠近。

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Some castles also had prisons, called dungeons, deep beneath the ground for captured enemy soldiers

有些城堡还在地底深处设有监狱，称为地牢，用来关押被俘的敌方士兵。

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Inside, the castle was very dark and cold

城堡里面既阴暗又寒冷。

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Castles had few fireplaces, and the rooms were too big to heat easily

城堡里的壁炉很少，而且房间太大了，很难暖和起来。

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The boys entered a large room with a long wooden table

男孩们走进一个有着一张长木桌的大房间。

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The room was lit by candles in chandeliers hanging from the ceiling

房间由悬挂在天花板上的枝形烛台里的蜡烛照明。

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This was the main hall, where the lord and his family had dinner

这是主厅，是领主和他的家人用餐的地方。

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At night they liked to host rich feasts while musicians and storytellers entertained them

晚上他们会举办丰盛的宴会，由乐师和说书人助兴。

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Miles could picture it all in his mind; it was just like something out of a storybook

迈尔斯能在脑海中想象这一切，就像是故事书里的场景。

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The legends and histories of castles have always made good stories

城堡的传说和历史一直是精彩故事的源泉。

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In fact, the legends of many castles have been passed down from generation to generation

事实上，许多城堡的传说都是代代相传的。

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One of the most famous is the legend of Fyvie Castle in Scotland

其中最著名的是苏格兰法维城堡的传说。

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For centuries people knew that a secret room with a great treasure was hidden somewhere in the castle

几个世纪以来，人们都知道城堡某处藏着一间密室，里面有巨大的宝藏。

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But there was a curse on the room: whoever found it would die, and his wife would become blind

但这间密室有个诅咒：找到它的人会死，他的妻子会失明。

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According to the story, a man named General Adrian finally found the hidden room but died shortly after from unknown causes

据说，一个叫阿德里安将军的人最终找到了密室，但不久后就因不明原因去世了。

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His wife soon became blind. Another man called Sir Maurice Duff tried to find the room, but while exploring the castle, he fell and broke his leg

他的妻子很快失明了。另一个叫莫里斯·达夫爵士的人也试图找到密室，但在探索城堡时摔断了腿。

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Strangely, his wife developed an eye illness for the rest of her life

奇怪的是，他的妻子余生都患上了眼疾。

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Another famous legend is connected to the Frankenstein Castle in Germany

另一则著名传说与德国的弗兰肯斯坦城堡有关。

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A terrible dragon terrorized the peasants and lords in the area for years

一条可怕的恶龙在那一带肆虐多年，威胁农民和领主。

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The only way to keep the dragon away was to sacrifice a beautiful girl from the nearby village

赶走恶龙的唯一办法，是献祭附近村庄的一名美丽少女。

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When a girl named Anne Marie was given to the dragon, a knight from the castle, who was secretly in love with her, came to the rescue

当一个名叫安妮·玛丽的女孩被献给恶龙时，一位暗恋她的城堡骑士赶来搭救。

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After a fierce battle, the knight set Anne Marie free

一场激战后，骑士救出了安妮·玛丽。

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But just as he killed the dragon with his sword, the dragon twisted its poison tail around and wounded the brave knight in the leg

但就在他用剑杀死恶龙时，恶龙甩起毒尾，伤到了这位勇敢骑士的腿。

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He died soon after, but the legend of the knight still lives on in the Frankenstein Castle

他不久后便死去了，但骑士的传说仍在弗兰肯斯坦城堡流传。

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" Boys? Where are you?" Adrian and Miles heard someone call

“孩子们？你们在哪儿？”阿德里安和迈尔斯听到有人在喊。

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" The boat is about to leave." They turned and saw their mother looking for them

“船就要开了。”他们转过身，看见妈妈正在找他们。

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" Hurry, let's go!" Miles said and grabbed his brother's hand

“快走！”迈尔斯说着，拉起哥哥的手。

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They left the main hall and ran back down the hill

他们离开主厅，跑下了山丘。

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" When I grow up I want to be a knight," said Adrian when they reached the boat

“我长大了想当骑士。”当他们回到船上时，阿德里安说道。

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Sadly, there are no more knights or lords, but the castles they left behind tell a great story — of a time long ago full of adventure

可惜，再也没有骑士或领主了，但他们留下的城堡讲述着一个精彩的故事——关于那个充满冒险的遥远时代。