051 凡尔赛的太阳王

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Bonjour and welcome to France. This is the Palace of Versailles, and I am Andre Le Notre, the royal gardener

你好，欢迎来到法国。这是凡尔赛宫，我是皇家园丁安德烈·勒诺特尔。

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I may not look like a gardener to you, but I designed all of the beautiful gardens around this palace

你也许看不出来我是个园丁，但我设计了这个宫殿周围所有美丽的花园。

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In 1673 I helped make the beautiful gardens that you can still see in Versailles today

1673年，我帮忙建造了那些你今天在凡尔赛仍能看到的美丽花园。

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Today only tourists and a few workers visit or live at the palace, but a great king once lived here

今天，只有游客和一些工作人员参观或居住在这座宫殿里，但从前有一位伟大的国王曾住在这里。

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He was King Louis XIV, who we call the Sun King

他就是路易十四国王，我们称他为太阳王。

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By the time he died, Louis XIV had made Versailles one of the largest palaces in the world

到他去世时，路易十四已将凡尔赛宫建成了世界上最大的宫殿之一。

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In 1623 Louis XIV's father, Louis XIII, built a small hunting lodge near the village of Versailles

1623年，路易十四的父亲路易十三在凡尔赛村附近建了一个小狩猎屋。

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But Louis XIV loved Versailles so much that he had a grand palace built there

但路易十四非常喜爱凡尔赛，于是他下令在那里建造了一座宏伟的宫殿。

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In 1682 it became the official palace for the king of France

1682年，它成为了法国国王的正式宫殿。

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Versailles has more than 2,000 windows, 700 rooms, 1,250 fireplaces, 67 staircases, and 50 fountains

凡尔赛宫有2000多扇窗户、700个房间、1250个壁炉、67座楼梯和50座喷泉。

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One of the most famous rooms is the Hall of Mirrors

最著名的房间之一是镜厅。

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On the ceiling of this room, there are many paintings that depict the great life of Louis XIV

这个房间的天花板上，有许多描绘路易十四伟大一生的画作。

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Louis XIV was famous for more than just building nice gardens and decorating beautiful rooms

路易十四不仅以建造美丽的花园和装饰漂亮的房间而闻名。

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He was a great king. Louis became king when he was only five years old

他是一位伟大的国王。路易在年仅五岁时就成为了国王。

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Of course he could not rule France as a young boy, so his godfather and some noblemen were in charge of the country

当然，年幼的他无法统治法国，所以他的教父和一些贵族负责掌管国家。

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However, the noblemen did a very poor job of running the country, and the people of France became very unhappy with the royal family

然而，这些贵族治理国家非常糟糕，法国民众对王室变得非常不满。

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This made young King Louis very angry

这让小国王路易非常生气。

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He wanted the people of France to be wealthy and happy because he loved his country

他热爱自己的国家，希望法国民众富裕幸福。

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But there was nothing he could do

但他无能为力。

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He had to wait until he grew up before he could become the ruler of France

他必须等到长大成人之后，才能成为法国的统治者。

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When he turned 23 years old, Louis XIV decided that it was time to govern the country himself

当他23岁时，路易十四决定是时候亲自治理国家了。

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None of the nobles believed it was possible for such a young king to rule a country. But he did

权贵们都不相信如此年轻的国王能统治国家。但他做到了。

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He said," I am the king! And the king is supreme."

他说："朕即国王！国王至高无上。"

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Because he was so angry with the noblemen who had been running the country, he did not include them in his government

由于他对那些曾掌管国家的贵族们非常愤怒，他没有让他们进入他的政府。

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Instead he chose the wisest and most loyal men he could find in France to help him. They became his ministers

他反而挑选了他在法国能找到的最有智慧、最忠诚的人来帮助他。他们成了他的大臣。

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The young King Louis was a great success

年轻的路易国王取得了巨大的成功。

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With his ministers, he helped the people of France prosper

他和他的大臣们一起，帮助法兰西人民走向繁荣。

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He developed factories and established trade with other countries

他发展工厂，并与其他国家建立贸易。

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He also supported many artists and scientists

他还资助了许多艺术家和科学家。

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He and his ministers built a very powerful army

他和他的大臣们建立了一支非常强大的军队。

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Their army became the strongest force in all of Europe

他们的军队成了全欧洲最强大的力量。

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The French people became very proud of their country

法兰西人民对他们的国家感到非常自豪。

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Life as a king was not easy for Louis XIV

对路易十四来说，国王的生活并不轻松。

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It was said that his days were planned right down to the minute, so he had almost no free time

据说他的每一天都被精确到分钟的日程安排好了，所以他几乎没有空闲时间。

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His days were filled with meetings and social gatherings

他的日子被会议和社交聚会填满。

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All day long he went from one appointment to the next

他整天从一个约见赶赴下一个约见。

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His first appointment usually began at eight thirty in the morning, and his last one ended around midnight

他的第一个约见通常在早上八点半开始，最后一个大约在午夜时分结束。

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King Louis was also a very religious man and went to church every day at ten o'clock in the morning

路易国王也是个非常虔诚的人，他每天上午十点都会去教堂。

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He believed that as the king of France, he was God's servant on earth

他相信，作为法兰西国王，他是上帝在人间的仆人。

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He built the Chapel Royal here at Versailles, which is one of the grandest parts of the castle

他在凡尔赛这里建造了皇家礼拜堂，这是宫殿中最宏伟的部分之一。

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Louis XIV is called the Sun King

路易十四被称为太阳王。

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Louis wanted to be like the Greek god Apollo, who was the god of peace and arts

路易希望像希腊神阿波罗一样，他是和平与艺术之神。

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The symbol for Apollo was the sun, so Louis also chose this as his emblem

阿波罗的象征是太阳，所以路易也选择这个作为他的象征。

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Louis XIV brought peace to France, developed the arts, and helped the people become wealthy

路易十四给法国带来了和平，发展了艺术，并帮助人民变得富裕。

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Louis XIV died in 1715. He was king of France for 72 years, the longest reign in the history of Europe

路易十四于1715年去世。他担任法兰西国王达72年，是欧洲历史上在位时间最长的君主。

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After Louis died, his son and then his grandson, Louis XV and Louis XVI, each became king

路易去世后，他的儿子和孙子，路易十五和路易十六，相继成为了国王。

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But unlike Louis XIV, they were not great kings

但与路易十四不同，他们并非伟大的国王。

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After a while the people of France became very unhappy with the royal family

过了一段时间，法兰西人民对王室变得非常不满。

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In 1793 they decided that they no longer wanted a king, so Louis XVI was arrested and killed

1793年，他们决定不再需要国王，于是路易十六被捕并被处死。

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Since that day France has had no king, and the Palace of Versailles has had no master

从那天起，法国再也没有国王，凡尔赛宫也再也没有了主人。