Unit 3 Sea Exploration 海洋探索 Reading and Thinking

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Trade

贸易

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Trade

贸易

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and

和

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and

和

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curiosity

好奇心

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curiosity

好奇心

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Trade and curiosity

贸易和好奇心

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Trade and curiosity

贸易与好奇心

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have often formed

常常构成了

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have often formed

常常构成了

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Trade and curiosity have often formed

贸易与好奇心常常构成

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Trade and curiosity have often formed

贸易与好奇心常常构成

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the foundation

基础

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the foundation

基础

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of

的

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of

的

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mankind's greatest achievements

人类最伟大的成就

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mankind's greatest achievements

人类最伟大的成就

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the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements

人类最伟大成就的基础

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the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements

人类最伟大成就的基础

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Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements

贸易与好奇心往往构成了人类最伟大成就的基石

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Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements

贸易与好奇心往往构成了人类最伟大成就的基石

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To complete

为了完成

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the great map

这张伟大的地图

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of the world

世界的

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To complete the great map of the world

为了完成这幅伟大的世界地图

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was

be（过去式）: 是

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a strong passion

一种强烈的热情

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was a strong passion

是一种强烈的热情

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To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion

完成这幅世界巨图是强烈的热忱

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for

对于

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the people

人民

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of

的

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early civilisations

早期文明

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for the people of early civilisations

对于早期文明的人们来说

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To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations

绘制完整的世界地图是早期文明人们的热切追求

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Marco Polo

Marco Polo

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tales

故事（复数）

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Marco Polo's tales

Marco Polo的故事

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inspired

inspire（过去式）: 激励

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European explorers

欧洲探险家

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inspired European explorers

激励了欧洲探险家

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Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers

马可·波罗的见闻激发了欧洲探险家

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to search for

寻找

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sea routes

海上航线

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to search for sea routes

去寻找海上航线

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Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes

马可·波罗的见闻激励欧洲探险家寻找海上航线

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from west to east

从西到东

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Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east

马可·波罗的游记激励了欧洲探险家们寻找从西向东的海上航线

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However

然而

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merchants

商人（复数）

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and

和

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explorers

探险家（复数）

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from the East

来自东方

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merchants and explorers from the East

来自东方的商人和探险家

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However , merchants and explorers from the East

然而，东方的商人和探险家们

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set sail

起航

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from

从

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east

东方

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to

到

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west

西方

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set sail from east to west

自东向西起航

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However , merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west

然而，东方的商人和探险家们自东向西扬帆起航

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many years

许多年

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before

在...之前

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Columbus

Columbus

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first

首次

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did

do（过去式）: 做

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many years before Columbus first did

比哥伦布首次航行早了许多年

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However , merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did

然而，在哥伦布首次西航的许多年前，来自东方的商人和探险家们就已自东向西扬帆远航

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In

在...里

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ancient times

古代

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In ancient times

在古代

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silk

丝绸

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from China

来自中国

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silk from China

来自中国的丝绸

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In ancient times , silk from China

在古代，中国的丝绸

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found

find（过去式）: 找到

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its way

它的路

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overland

陆上

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found its way overland

通过陆路到达

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In ancient times , silk from China found its way overland

在古代，中国的丝绸经由陆路传播

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to

到

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India

印度

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the Middle East

中东

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and

和

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Rome

罗马

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to India , the Middle East , and Rome

印度、中东和罗马

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In ancient times , silk from China found its way overland to India , the Middle East , and Rome

在古代，中国的丝绸经由陆路传至印度、中东和罗马

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along

沿着

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what became known as

被称为

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the Silk Road

丝绸之路

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along what became known as the Silk Road

沿着后来被称为丝绸之路的路线

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In ancient times , silk from China found its way overland to India , the Middle East , and Rome , along what became known as the Silk Road

在古代，中国的丝绸经由陆路传至印度、中东和罗马，这条通道后来被称为丝绸之路

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A trading route

一条贸易路线

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across the sea

横跨海洋

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A trading route across the sea

一条跨海的贸易路线

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was also extended

也被延伸

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along

沿着

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the coasts

海岸线

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of the Indian Ocean

印度洋的

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was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean

还沿着印度洋的海岸延伸

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A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean

一条横跨海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸

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centered around

围绕

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Ceylon

锡兰

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now

现在

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Sri Lanka

斯里兰卡

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centered around Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka )

以锡兰（现斯里兰卡）为中心

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A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean , centered around Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka )

一条横跨海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸，以Ceylon（今Sri Lanka）为中心

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Here

这里

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merchants

商人（复数）

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from China

来自中国

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and

和

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many other places

许多其他地方

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Here , merchants from China and many other places

在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人

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met

meet（过去式）: 见面

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to negotiate

谈判

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trade deals

贸易协议

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met to negotiate trade deals

会面以谈判贸易协议

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Here , merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals

在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人会面洽谈贸易

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which

这（关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句）

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also

也

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led to

导致

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more awareness

更多的意识

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which also led to more awareness

这也导致了更多的认知

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Here , merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals , which also led to more awareness

在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人会面洽谈贸易，这也增进了彼此的了解

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of

的

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each other's

彼此的

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cultures

文化（复数）

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of each other's cultures

关于彼此的文化

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Here , merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals , which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures

在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人会面洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了彼此对对方文化的了解

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Over the centuries

几个世纪以来,

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further trading

进一步的交易

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allowed

allow（过去式）: 允许

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more exploration

更多的探索

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further trading allowed more exploration

进一步的贸易促进了更多探索

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Over the centuries , further trading allowed more exploration

几个世纪以来，进一步的贸易往来促进了更多探索

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of

的

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the regions

地区

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to

到

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the west

西方

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of China

中国的

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of the regions to the west of China

对中国以西地区的探索,

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Over the centuries , further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China

几个世纪以来，进一步的贸易活动使得对中国以西地区的探索得以深入

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as

如同

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recorded

record（过去分词）: 记录

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in

在...中

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Du Huan's Record of My Travels

杜环的《经行记》

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as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels

如杜环的《经行记》所记载

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Over the centuries , further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China , as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels

几个世纪以来，进一步的贸易往来使得对中国以西地区的探索得以扩展，正如杜环在《经行记》中所记载的那样

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in the eighth century

在八世纪时

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Over the centuries , further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China , as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century

几个世纪以来，随着贸易的进一步发展，人们得以对中国以西的地区进行更多探索，这在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》中有所记载

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Later

后来

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the Ming Dynasty

明朝

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further developed

进一步发展了

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relations

关系（复数）

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Later , the Ming Dynasty further developed relations

后来，明朝进一步发展了关系

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with

与

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these regions

这些地区

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with these regions

与这些地区

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Later , the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions

后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系

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Between 1405 and 1433

在1405年至1433年间

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seven

七

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large fleets

大型舰队

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sailed

sail（过去式）: 航行

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west

向西

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seven large fleets sailed west

七支大型舰队向西航行

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Between 1405 and 1433 , seven large fleets sailed west

1405至1433年间，七支大型船队向西航行

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on voyages

在航行中

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of trade

贸易的

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and exploration

和探索

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on voyages of trade and exploration

进行贸易和探索的航行

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Between 1405 and 1433 , seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration

在1405年至1433年间，七支大型舰队向西航行，进行贸易与探索之旅

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These fleets

这些舰队

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were

be（过去式）: 构成过去时

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a sight to behold

值得一看的景象

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These fleets were a sight to behold

这些舰队令人叹为观止

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and

和

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in a league of their own

独一无二的

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and were in a league of their own

且在当时独树一帜

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These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own

这些舰队蔚为壮观，堪称独步天下

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at that time

在那个时代

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These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time

这些舰队蔚为壮观，在当时可谓独步天下

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Under the command of

在...的指挥下

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Zheng He

郑和

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Under the command of Zheng He

在郑和的指挥下,

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they

他们

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set sail

起航

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from

从

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the South China Sea

南海

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they set sail from the South China Sea

他们从中国南海起航

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Under the command of Zheng He , they set sail from the South China Sea

在郑和的率领下，他们从南海扬帆起航

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across

穿过

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the Indian Ocean

印度洋

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across the Indian Ocean

横跨印度洋

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Under the command of Zheng He , they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean

在郑和的率领下，他们从南海起航，横跨印度洋

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to

到

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the mouth of the Red Sea

红海的入海口

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to the mouth of the Red Sea

到达红海口,

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Under the command of Zheng He , they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea

在郑和的率领下，他们从南海起航，横跨印度洋抵达红海海口

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and

和

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then

然后

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the east coast

东海岸

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of

的

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Africa

非洲

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and then to the east coast of Africa

然后前往非洲东海岸

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Under the command of Zheng He , they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea , and then to the east coast of Africa

在郑和的指挥下，他们从南海起航，横跨印度洋，抵达红海海口，继而前往非洲东海岸

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African royal families

非洲王室家族

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sent

send（过去式）: 发送

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gifts

礼物（复数）

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African royal families sent gifts

非洲王室赠送礼物

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such as

例如

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giraffes

长颈鹿（复数）

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such as giraffes

例如长颈鹿

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African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes

非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物

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as

作为

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gestures of friendship

友谊的表示

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as gestures of friendship

作为友谊的象征

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African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship

非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好

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in return for

作为交换

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gold

黄金

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silk

丝绸

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and

和

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spices

香料（复数）

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in return for gold , silk , and spices

以换取黄金、丝绸和香料

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African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold , silk , and spices

非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，作为对黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠

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Although

尽管

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China

中国

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withdrew from

退出

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further expeditions

进一步的远征

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after

在...之后

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Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433

尽管中国在1433年后退出了进一步的远征,

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these

这些

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land and sea routes

陆地和海上路线

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remained

remain（过去式）: 保持

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active channels

活跃的通道

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these land and sea routes remained active channels

这些陆地和海上路线仍然是活跃的通道

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Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433 , these land and sea routes remained active channels

尽管中国在1433年后停止了进一步的远航，这些陆路和海路仍保持着活跃的通道

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between

在...之间

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other cultures

其他文化

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for centuries

几个世纪以来

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between other cultures for centuries

连接其他文化长达数个世纪

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Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433 , these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries

尽管中国在1433年后退出了进一步的远航探险，但这些陆地和海上路线在随后的几个世纪里仍是其他文明之间活跃的交流通道

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To reach out

伸出手

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across the sea

跨越海洋

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To reach out across the sea

跨越海洋伸出援手

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remains

remain（第三人称单数）: 仍然是

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a strong desire

一种强烈的愿望

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today

今天

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remains a strong desire today

至今仍是强烈的渴望

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To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today

跨越重洋的渴望至今依然强烈

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The ancient

古老的

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sea routes

海上航线

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The ancient sea routes

古老的海洋航线

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travelled

travel（过去分词）: 航行

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by Zheng He

由郑和

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travelled by Zheng He

由郑和航行过的

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The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He

郑和曾航行的古代海上航线

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are being revisited

正在被重新探索

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The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited

郑和曾走过的古老海路正被重新探索

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with

随着

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the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

21世纪海上丝绸之路

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with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

通过21世纪海上丝绸之路

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The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

郑和曾走过的古老海上航线正通过21世纪海上丝绸之路重现

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which

（关系代词）

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is part of

属于

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the Belt and Road Initiative

一带一路倡议

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which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative

这是一带一路倡议的一部分

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The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road , which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative

郑和曾走过的古老海上航线正通过21世纪海上丝绸之路得以重现，这是'一带一路'倡议的重要组成部分

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The aim

目标

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of this initiative

这个倡议的

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The aim of this initiative

这一举措的目的

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is

是

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to encourage

鼓励

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cooperation

合作

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and

和

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trade

贸易

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is to encourage cooperation and trade

是鼓励合作与贸易

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The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade

该倡议旨在促进合作与贸易

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across

跨越

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the historic Silk Road areas

历史悠久的丝绸之路地区

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across the historic Silk Road areas

跨越历史悠久的丝绸之路地区

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The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas

该倡议旨在促进历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易

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strengthen

加强

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the bonds

这些纽带

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and strengthen the bonds

并加强联系

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The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas , and strengthen the bonds

该倡议旨在促进历史丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，并加强联系

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between

在...之间

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China

中国

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the rest of the world

世界其他地区

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between China and the rest of the world

在中国与世界其他地区之间

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The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas , and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world

该倡议旨在促进历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区的联系

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Trading

交易

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has grown

已经增长

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greatly

极大地

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in recent years

近年来

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Trading has grown greatly in recent years

近年来，交易量大幅增长

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and

和

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will continue

将继续

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to do so

这样做

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in years to come

在未来的岁月里

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and will continue to do so in years to come

并且未来几年还将继续增长

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Trading has grown greatly in recent years , and will continue to do so in years to come

近年来，贸易大幅增长，未来几年还将持续增长

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China

中国

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has invested

已投资

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billions

数十亿（复数）

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in

在...里

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systems and services

系统和服务

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China has invested billions in systems and services

中国已在系统和服��上投资了数十亿

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along

沿着

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these routes

这些路线

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along these routes

沿着这些路线

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China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes

中国已在这些路线上投入数十亿美元用于系统和服务建设

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which

哪个（关系代词）

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will help

有助于

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to greatly develop

极大地发展

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the whole area

整个区域

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which will help to greatly develop the whole area

这将极大地促进整个地区的发展

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China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes , which will help to greatly develop the whole area

中国已在这些沿线投入数十亿资金建设系统和服务，这将极大促进整个区域的发展

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for the benefit of

为了...的利益

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future trade

未来的贸易

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and

和

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cultural exchange

文化交流

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for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange

以促进未来的贸易和文化交流

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China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes , which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange

中国已在这些沿线投入数十亿美元建设系统和服务设施，这将极大地促进整个区域的发展，为未来的贸易和文化交流带来裨益

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China

中国

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has also joined

也已经加入

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China has also joined

中国还加入了

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its

它的

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friends

朋友（复数）

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across the sea

海那边的

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its friends across the sea

其隔海相望的朋友

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China has also joined its friends across the sea

中国也与隔海相望的朋友们携手

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on

在...上

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other important projects

其他重要项目

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on other important projects

在其他重要项目上

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China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects

中国也与隔海相望的朋友们携手推进了其他重要项目

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Although

尽管

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the ancient sea routes

古老的航海路线

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of Zheng He

郑和的

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Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He

尽管郑和的古老海上航线

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have been travelled

已经旅行过

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many times

多次

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have been travelled many times

已被多次航行过

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Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times

尽管郑和的古代海上航线已被多次航行,

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there are

有

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still

仍然

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many other

许多其他

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places

地方（复数）

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there are still many other places

仍有许多其他地方

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Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times , there are still many other places

尽管郑和的古老海路已被多次航行，仍有许多其他地方

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left

leave（过去分词）: 留下

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to explore

去探索

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left to explore

有待探索

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Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times , there are still many other places left to explore

尽管郑和的古代海上航线已被探索多次，但仍有许多其他地方有待发掘

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In recent years

近年来

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China

中国

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has joined

已经加入

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other nations

其他国家

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China has joined other nations

中国已与其他国家合作

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In recent years , China has joined other nations

近年来，中国已与其他国家

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on

在...上

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several expeditions

几次探险

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on several expeditions

参与多次考察

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In recent years , China has joined other nations on several expeditions

近年来，中国已多次参与多国联合科考

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to explore

去探索

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the Arctic

北极

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to explore the Arctic

以探索北极

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In recent years , China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic

近年来，中国已多次与其他国家联合开展北极科考活动

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From

从

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a scientific point of view

科学的角度

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From a scientific point of view

从科学的角度来看,

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there is

有

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an urgent need

一个迫切的需求

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there is an urgent need

迫切需要

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From a scientific point of view , there is an urgent need

从科学角度来看，迫切需要

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to study

研究

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the Arctic

北极

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to study the Arctic

研究北极

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From a scientific point of view , there is an urgent need to study the Arctic

从科学角度来看，亟需对北极展开研究

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in order to

为了

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understand

理解

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climate change

气候变化

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in order to understand climate change

以了解气候变化

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From a scientific point of view , there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change

从科学角度来看，亟需研究北极以理解气候变化

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and

和

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its effects

它的影响

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and its effects

及其影响

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From a scientific point of view , there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects

从科学角度来看，迫切需要研究北极地区以理解气候变化及其影响

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Hundreds of years

数百年

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on

在...上

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Hundreds of years on

数百年过去了,

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and

和

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with the latest technology

拥有最新技术

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in hand

在手边

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and with the latest technology in hand

并且掌握了最新技术,

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Hundreds of years on , and with the latest technology in hand

数百年过去，手握最新科技

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the need

需求

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to trade

进行交易

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the need to trade

贸易的需求

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Hundreds of years on , and with the latest technology in hand , the need to trade

数百年过去，手握最新技术，贸易的需求

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the desire

渴望

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to enhance

提升

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relationships

关系（复数）

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and the desire to enhance relationships

和增进关系的愿望

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Hundreds of years on , and with the latest technology in hand , the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships

数百年过去，手握最新技术，贸易的需求与增进关系的渴望

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will drive

将推动

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China

中国

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to reach out

去接触

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will drive China to reach out

将推动中国向外拓展

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Hundreds of years on , and with the latest technology in hand , the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out

数百年过去，手握最新技术，贸易需求和增进关系的渴望将推动中国继续向外拓展

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across the sea

跨越大海

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far into the future

远至未来

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across the sea far into the future

跨越海洋直至遥远的未来

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Hundreds of years on , and with the latest technology in hand , the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future

数百年过去，手握最新科技的中国，仍将因贸易需求和增进关系的愿望，在未来继续跨海远航