第38课

旁白 neutral

Contamination of water supplies is usually due to poor sanitation close to water sources,

供水污染通常是由于水源附近卫生条件差，

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sewage disposal into the sources themselves, leakage of sewage into distribution systems or contamination with industrial or farm waste.

污水直接排入水源，污水泄漏进入分配系统，或受到工业或农业废物的污染。

旁白 neutral

Even if a piped water supply is safe at its source, it is not always safe by the time it reaches the tap.

即使管道供水在其源头是安全的，但当它到达水龙头时，也并非总是安全的。

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Intermittent tap-water supplies should be regarded as particularly suspect.

间歇性自来水供应应被视为特别可疑。

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Travellers on short trips to areas with water supplies of uncertain quality

短途旅行到水质不确定地区的旅行者

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should avoid drinking tap-water, or untreated water from any other source.

应避免饮用自来水，或任何其他来源的未经处理的水。

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It is best to keep to hot drinks, bottled or canned drinks of well-known brand names-international standard of water treatment are usually followed at bottling plants.

最好只喝热饮、知名品牌的瓶装或罐装饮料——瓶装厂通常会遵循国际水处理标准。

旁白 neutral

Carbonated drinks are acidic, and slightly safer.

碳酸饮料呈酸性，稍微安全一些。

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Make sure that all bottles are opened in your presence, and that their rims are clean and dry.

确保所有瓶子都是在你面前打开的，并且瓶口清洁干燥。

旁白 neutral

Boiling is always a good way of treating water.

煮沸始终是处理水的好方法。

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Some hotels supply boiled water on request and this can be used for drinking, or for brushing teeth.

有些酒店应要求提供开水，可用于饮用或刷牙。

旁白 neutral

Portable boiling elements that can boil small quantities of water are useful when the right voltage of electricity is available.

当有合适的电压时，能烧开少量水的便携式电热棒会很有用。

旁白 neutral

Refuse politely any cold drink from an unknown source.

礼貌地拒绝任何来源不明的冷饮。

旁白 neutral

Ice is only as safe as the water from which it is made,

冰的安全性取决于制作它的水，

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and should not be put in drinks unless it is known to be safe.

除非已知其安全，否则不应将其放入饮料中。

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Drinks can be cooled by placing them on ice rather than adding ice to them.

饮料可以通过放在冰块上冷却，而不是将冰块加入饮料中。

旁白 neutral

Alcohol may be a medical disinfectant, but should not be relied upon to sterilize water.

酒精可能是医用消毒剂，但不应指望它能给水消毒。

旁白 neutral

Ethanol is more effective at a concentration of 50-70 percent;

乙醇在50-70%的浓度下更有效；

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below 20 per cent, its bactericidal action is negligible.

低于20%时，其杀菌作用微乎其微。

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Spirits labelled 95 proof contain only about 47 per cent alcohol.

标示为95度的烈酒只含有大约47%的酒精。

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Beware of methylated alcohol,

警惕工业酒精（甲醇变性酒精），

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which is very poisonous and should never be added to drinking water.

它剧毒，绝不应加入饮用水中。

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If no other safe water supply can be obtained,

如果无法获得其他安全水源，

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tap water that is too hot to touch can be left to cool and is generally safe to drink.

热得烫手的自来水可以放凉后饮用，通常是安全的。

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Those planning a trip to remote areas, or intending to live in countries where drinking water is not readily available,

计划去偏远地区旅行，或打算生活在饮用水不易获得的国家的人，

旁白 neutral

should know about the various possible methods for making water safe.

应该了解使水安全可饮用的各种可能方法。