010 我的酿酒师生涯

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I am called Theodoros, and I was born 52 years ago here on Chios

the fifth-largest Greek island in a large sea.

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Chios has been home to illustrious people such as the poet Homer

希俄斯岛是诗人荷马等杰出人物的故乡，

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and the island is the only place on earth that grows

mastic trees, which produce gum.

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But perhaps the island's greatest achievement is that it

is the home of Greece's finest red wine.

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I am a winemaker, as my grandfather and father were before me

我是酿酒师，我的祖父和父亲之前也是。

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For over one hundred years, my family has taken care of this

vineyard, and we have produced our own wine.

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But this year, 355 BC, I am ready to pass on the family legacy to my son

Theodorakis, so he can carry on our winemaking tradition.

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Legend says that, long ago, the grandson of King Minos of Crete came

to Chios and taught the people how to make wine.

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I do not know if that is true, but wine has been an integral

part of Greek culture for hundreds of years.

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This wonderful drink is associated with Dionysus, the god of wine, who

inspires artists, philosophers, and ordinary people like me.

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We hold many celebrations in his honor, and naturally

wine is a major part of the festivities.

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Wine grapes love to grow in Chios, because of the weather

and the island's many rolling hills.

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We plant the vines in the valleys, where they receive ample sunlight

and good natural irrigation when it rains.

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Our island has warm days and cool nights, perfect

weather for ripening grapes,

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and my ancestors developed a growing system long ago

that takes advantage of this climate.

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Since I was very young, I have always carefully

monitored my family's vineyard.

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Grapevines have several important parts, and I must pay close

attention to each part for a successful crop.

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The trunk serves the same purpose as the trunk of a tree

providing firm support for the plant.

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In Chios we keep the trunk very short, about 55 centimeters high, because

the earth provides warmth for the vine during the cool nights.

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The head is the main branch of the grapevine at the top of the trunk

where three or four canes grow each year.

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The delicious grapes grow on these canes, which I prune

at the end of the growing season.

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The spurs are other thinner branches that develop at the top of the trunk

and I prune these back to short stubs at the end of the season too.

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Making wine is a long and tedious process, and a winemaker

must be patient, hardworking, and diligent.

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Before harvesting the grapes, we have to clean large

wooden vats with boiled seawater,

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as it is important that the grapes are stored in

the cleanest containers possible.

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It takes many days to clean the vats, and then they must be

completely dry before we put the grapes in them.

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In my vineyard each cluster of grapes is picked by hand, gathered in

big baskets, and then thrown into a large vat.

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I have more than twenty workers who harvest the grapes

我有超过二十名工人负责收获葡萄。

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When the grapes have been harvested, children arrive and

climb into the large vats of grapes.

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The fun begins when they start stomping on the grapes with their bare feet

当他们开始用光脚丫踩踏葡萄时，欢乐就开始了。

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Of course I remind them to wash their little feet

before they jump into the vats!

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Many of them play games or sing as they crush the grapes

into juice and pulp, a mixture called must.

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We put the must into clay jars, where it ferments for a long time

我们把葡萄醪倒进陶罐里，让它在里面发酵很长一段时间。

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During fermentation the must foams up as the sugar in

the grapes gradually turns to alcohol.

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But exposure to the air can make the must turn acidic, so I add honey

and salt to keep the taste sweet and full of flavor.

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These ingredients make it easier to adjust the taste of the wine as it

ferments, a process that takes about six months.

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When the wine is ready, I get the containers for the wine

called amphorae, delivered to my vineyard.

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An amphora is a tall ceramic vase with a handle on each

side that makes it easy to carry.

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Amphorae provide excellent storage for the wine, and our amphorae

are made in the village by Petros, a good friend.

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On one handle of each amphora is our special stamp, which shows the

origin of the wine and the winemaker's name.

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So whoever drinks the wine will know where it came from and who made it

这样，不论谁喝到这瓶酒，都会知道它来自哪里，是谁酿造的。

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Ah! Here is Petros, just in time with the amphorae! But wait a moment

啊！佩特罗斯来了，这双耳瓶送来得正是时候！不过，请等一下。

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Before I pour the wine into the vases, I must make sure it is ready

在把酒倒进这些瓶子之前，我必须先确认这酒已经好了。

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I scoop some wine into a silver cup, dilute it with

seawater, and swirl it around.

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Here in Chios wine tastes best when diluted, and the sea provides us with

exactly what we need to make the wine even more delicious.

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Some barbarians drink the wine straight from the amphora, but this

practice is frowned upon by polite society.

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Drinking pure wine marks one as an uncultured brute

喝纯酒会让人觉得你是个没教养的粗人。

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But let us not dwell on anything unpleasant!

不过，我们别去想这些扫兴的事了！

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This is my favorite part of making wine — tasting it

这是酿酒过程中我最喜欢的部分——品尝。

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The aroma is already enticing. Ah, the first sip. Yes, it is perfect

这香味已经很诱人了。啊，第一口。是的，堪称完美。

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I give permission, and my workers now pour the fermented

wine through a cloth into the amphorae,

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and the cloth strains any pulp left over from the must

这块布能滤掉葡萄醪里剩下的果肉。

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Theodoros' wine is now ready to be exported

Theodoros的葡萄酒现在可以装船出口了。

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However, the wine must be drunk within four years

不过，这些酒必须在四年内喝完。

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If not, it will turn into vinegar, which no living

creature can stand to swallow.

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After the amphorae are filled with wine, they are loaded onto ships

and delivered to cities all around the interior sea.

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The finest red wines of Chios are truly appreciated by the nobility and

elite of Greece, as well as those of Persia and Egypt.

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However, as Greek wine is gaining popularity every year, we hope to

expand our shipping to lands even farther away.

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It is true that many people from other parts of the world are now

cultivating their own grapes to make wine.

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But no other country will be able to grow grapes that surpass

those from the vineyards of Chios!