语言和语法

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" Mr." is a common abbreviation for " Mister " in English

“Mr.”是英语中“Mister”的常见缩写。

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active voice

主动(语)态

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In the active voice , the subject of the sentence performs the action

在主动语态中，句子的主语执行动作。

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Adverbial phrases often tell when , where , or how an action happens

状语短语通常说明动作发生的时间、地点或方式。

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The apostrophe in " don't " shows the omission of the letter " o "

“don’t”中的撇号表示省略了字母“o”。

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She wrote an article about environmental protection for the school magazine

她为校刊写了一篇关于环境保护的文章。

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auxiliary verb

助动词

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" Auxiliary verbs like " can " and " will " are used to form tenses and moods

像“can”和“will”这样的助动词用于构成时态和语气。

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The contract includes a clause about payment deadlines

合同中有一条关于付款截止日期的条款。

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" And " is a conjunction that joins two independent clauses

“And”是连接两个独立分句的连词。

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" She's " is a contraction of " she is "

“She’s”是“she is”的缩写式。

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The determiner " this " specifies a singular noun in the sentence

限定词“this”在句子中限定单数名词。

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exclamation mark

感叹号

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She added an exclamation mark to show her excitement

她加了一个感叹号来表达兴奋之情。

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Grammatical errors can make writing difficult to understand

语法错误会使文章难以理解。

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imperative verb

祈使动词:一种表示命令､请求或建议的动词 , 通常⽤于祈使句｡

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" Close the door " uses an imperative verb to give a command

“Close the door”用祈使动词发出命令。

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Changes in intonation can alter the meaning of a sentence

语调的变化会改变句子的意思。

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intransitive verb

不及物动词

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" Arrive " is an intransitive verb and does not take a direct object

“Arrive”是不及物动词，不接直接宾语。

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transitive verb

及物动词

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" She bought a book " includes a transitive verb with a direct object

“She bought a book”中有一个带直接宾语的及物动词。

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part of speech

词类；词性

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Nouns , verbs , and adjectives are basic parts of speech

名词、动词和形容词是基本词类。

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passive voice

被动式，被动态

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The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the doer

当重点在动作而非执行者时，使用被动语态。

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The Renaissance was a period of great cultural growth

文艺复兴是一个文化蓬勃发展的时期。

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The prefix " un-" in " unhappy " means the opposite of " happy "

“unhappy”中的前缀“un-”表示“happy”的相反意义。

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Adding the suffix "-er " to " teach " forms " teacher "

在“teach”后加后缀“-er”构成“teacher”。

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" himself " is a reflexive pronoun in the sentence " He hurt himself "

在“He hurt himself”中，“himself”是反身代词。

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Her closest relative lives in a different city

她最亲近的亲属住在另一个城市。

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The essay quotes several experts to support its arguments

这篇论文引用了几位专家的话来支持论点。

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proper noun

专有名词( Compare ⽐较 common noun. )

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" London " is a proper noun referring to a specific city

“London”是指特定城市的专有名词。

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common noun

普通名词( Compare ⽐较 proper noun. )

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" City " is a common noun that can refer to any urban area

“City”是可指任何城市区域的普通名词。

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quotation mark

引号

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Quotation marks are used to indicate direct speech in writing

引号用于在写作中表示直接引语。

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The museum displays ancient objects from various civilizations

博物馆陈列着来自不同文明的古老物品。

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abstract noun

抽象名词

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" Love " and " justice " are examples of abstract nouns

“Love”和“justice”是抽象名词的例子。

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He speaks English with a strong Australian accent

他说英语带有浓重的澳大利亚口音。