E01 001 怪兽季风

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0:09 Welcome to Mawsynram, India! 欢迎来到印度的莫辛拉姆！
0:15 This village sits high in the hills below the Himalaya Mountains 这个村庄坐落在喜马拉雅山脉下方的高山上。
0:19 Mawsynram is famous for something: it's the wettest place on earth! 莫辛拉姆以某件事而闻名：它是地球上最湿润的地方！
0:26 Every year Mawsynram gets over 11,870 millimeters of rain 莫辛拉姆每年的降雨量超过11,870毫米。
0:32 That's enough to fill a rain gauge as tall as a four-story building! 这足以装满一个四层楼高的雨量计！
0:40 Ninety percent of this rain falls from April to September 百分之九十的降雨集中在四月到九月。
0:45 What makes Mawsynram get so much rain? 是什么让莫辛拉姆下这么多雨呢？
0:48 An annual wind system called a monsoon 一种被称为季风的年度风系。
0:52 There is a wet monsoon and a dry monsoon 有湿季风和干季风。
0:57 During the wet monsoon, the wind comes from the southwest 在湿季风期间，风来自西南方向。
1:03 It brings water from the ocean 它从海洋带来水汽。
1:06 Clouds form and travel with the wind 云形成后随风飘移。
1:10 But the Himalaya Mountains block the clouds over Mawsynram 但喜马拉雅山脉阻挡了莫辛拉姆上空的云层。
1:14 So rain falls... and falls and falls! 于是雨下个不停……下呀，下呀！
1:19 So much rain makes Mawsynram green and beautiful 如此充沛的雨水让莫辛拉姆变得郁郁葱葱，美不胜收。
1:24 But living in this monster monsoon is not easy! 但生活在这样猛烈的季风中可不容易！
1:29 There is frequent flooding and a lot of mud 经常发生洪水，到处是泥泞。
1:34 There is too much water to raise crops 水太多了，无法种植庄稼。
1:38 So people must grow and store food during the dry season 所以人们必须在旱季种植并储存食物。
1:43 Or they buy food at the market 或者他们去市场购买食物。
1:46 They must also store wood for fuel 他们还得储存木柴当燃料。
1:50 Oh, and the pounding rain makes a lot of noise! 哦，还有，暴雨敲打的声音非常吵！
1:55 People use grass to soundproof their tin roofs 人们用草来给铁皮屋顶隔音。
2:01 Clouds often drift through houses and everything gets wet! 云常常飘进屋里，所有东西都湿透了！
2:06 Women weave grass umbrellas so that people can work in the rain 妇女们编织草伞，这样人们就能在雨中干活了。
2:11 These umbrellas cover the body — just like a turtle's shell! 这种伞能把身体罩起来——就像乌龟壳一样！
2:15 Even with those umbrellas, getting around Mawsynram can be tough 就算有这种伞，在莫辛拉姆出行也挺困难的。
2:21 Roads wash away 路会被冲毁。
2:24 And wooden bridges rot within a few years 木桥用不了几年就腐烂了。
2:29 So people build " living " bridges 所以人们就修建“活”桥。
2:33 First they lay bamboo across streams 他们先把竹子横架在小溪上。
2:38 Then they tie tree roots onto the bamboo 然后把树根绑在竹子上。
2:43 The roots grow across the stream and into the soil on the other side 树根会慢慢长过小溪，扎进对岸的土里。
2:49 The bamboo rots away. But the roots form a living bridge 竹子腐烂掉了，但树根构成了一座活桥。
2:55 The oldest living bridge is over five hundred years old! 最古老的活桥已经五百多岁了！
3:00 Whew! After so many months of rain, people are ready to dry off 呼！下了这么好几个月的雨，人们都盼着能干爽干爽。
3:06 The dry monsoon starts in the autumn 旱季风在秋天开始。
3:10 Dry desert air blows in from the northeast 干燥的沙漠空气从东北方向吹来。
3:15 The rain finally stops and the water drains away 雨终于停了，积水也排走了。
3:19 But the dry monsoon brings a different problem 不过旱季风也带来了另一个问题。
3:23 Now people have too little water — in the wettest place on earth! 现在，在地球上最湿润的地方，人们的水却不够用了！